The role of heroes in our society
In what ways are figures from the past sources of inspiration and creation ?
How can we immortalise the deeds of a nation's founder ?
Task 1 :
Task 2 :
Task 3 :
Correct the questions on the Rhymes of Robin Hood.
Task 4 :
What do you know about the 5th of November or Guy Fawkes Night in Britain ?
Look for information on the internet if needed.
Task 5 :
Watch the video
And gather as much information as possible.
What are the possible links you can draw between the idealised figures of Robin Hood and Guy Fawkes ?
Explain how Guy Fawkes is a source of inspiration for our society.
Task 6 :
What are the possible links you can draw between the idealised figures of Robin Hood and Guy Fawkes ?
The legendary figures of Robin Hood and Guy Fawkes both symbolise resistance against perceived tyranny, often representing ideals of social justice, defiance, and rebellion. Robin Hood, a heroic outlaw in medieval folklore, is celebrated for "stealing from the rich to give to the poor," challenging the oppressive rule of the sheriff and standing up for the disadvantaged. This image has endured as a symbol of justice outside the law, representing the idea of a common hero defending the powerless against corruption.
On the other hand, though his plot failed, Guy Fawkes has evolved into a symbol of defiance against government oppression. His likeness has become synonymous with protest, often used by groups advocating for social change.
Explain how Guy Fawkes is a source of inspiration for our society.
Guy Fawkes, is a key figure in the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605 to kill James I. In popular British culture, Fawkes's legacy is commemorated annually on Bonfire Night (November 5th), where effigies of him are burned, accompanied by fireworks to mark the plot’s failure. This tradition serves as a reminder of the complex relationship between authority and dissent.
Beyond Britain, Fawkes has become a symbol of resistance and rebellion, transcending his historical context. His attempt to blow up the British Parliament perceived as an act against government corruption continues to inspire modern ideas of standing up to oppression. He has inspired global movements (i.e. Anonymous, Occupy...), with his mask, popularized by the film V for Vendetta, becoming an emblem of protest and civil disobedience, particularly in the digital age. His story resonates today, symbolising the enduring struggle for justice, freedom, and the courage to challenge injustice in both peaceful and radical ways.
Task 7 :
The creation of a « fake » hero : Pocahontas.
What do you know about Pocahontas ? The Disney movie ? List 5 main elements that according to you correspond to the historical character.
Task 8 :
Compare the « facts » you know about Pocahontas to these three articles :
In what ways can the invention of such a character be useful to the creation of a nation ? Link your findings to the history of Thanksgiving.
Task 9 :
How the natives became a « problem » ?
Watch the video about the « Indian Problem », complete your answer to the last question (task 9).
Task 10 :
The founding of America : The Manifest Destiny.
Read these two articles and take as much notes as you can.:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Manifest-Destiny
https://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion/manifest-destiny
Task 11 :
Describe and compare these two paintings.
A: Jean Leon Gerome Ferris, The First Thanksgiving 1621, 1915
B: John Ghast, American Progress, 1872
Describe the two paintings. Focus on symbolic details (progress/clichés)
How are the two communities represented ?
Describe the two women in the center of the paintings. Explain how they represent « America ».
In your own words, explain how the allegories of Progress and Religion are intertwined in the Manifest Destiny.
Task 12 :
Undestanding social behaviour with René Girard.
What are the social mechanisms leading to the creation of heroes or scapegoats ?
Listening comprehension :
Watch the video
1. Focus on the first part (from 0'00 to 6'18) and take as much notes as you can. What is the other name of Mimetic desire, how can it be represented ?
2. Watch the second part and do the same. According to Girard, what is the role of violence ? How is it justified ?
Read this article.
In your own words, explain the two theories described in the article :
- Mimetic desire ;
- The Scapegoat mechanism.
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